Red Hocks in Day-Old Chicks or Poults
If the humidity is too high in the setter or hatcher, chicks will hatch with red hocks and other problems that have been shown to affect adversely their health and/or welfare throughout life, according to Pas Reform.

Effect of Incubating Poor Quality Broiler Breeder Hatching Eggs
D.E. Yoho, J.R. Moyle, A.D. Swaffar and R.K. Bramwell of the University of Arkansas report on the effects of incubating poor quality broiler breeder hatching eggs on overall hatchability and hatch of fertile in the Winter 2008 issue of the Avian ...

Temperature Variation in On-Farm Hatching Egg Holding Units
The effects of oscillating and variable on-farm egg storage temperatures on hatchability and embryo viability in commercial broiler breeder flocks were studied by Dr Keith Bramwell, extension poultry specialist at the University of Arkansas in the Summer...

Hatching at High Altitudes
By Pas Reform. The effects of hatching at high altitude on hatchability and chick quality depend largely on the altitude at which the hatching eggs are produced - and how the hatchery manager adjusts the incubation programme.

Hatchery Management: The Hatch Window
By Steven Tweed - The hatching of strong and viable chicks is a key factor in increased broiler performance. To increase the probability of strong birds, good hatchery management becomes critical. One management technique is to measure the 'hatch window'....

Effects of Setting Eggs with Small Ends up on Hatchability and Chick Performance
Eggs are incubated in setter trays for most of the incubation period. Three days before hatch, the eggs are transferred to hatcher baskets, writes Pas Reform Hatchery Technologies.

The Importance of Preventing Sweating Eggs
By Pas Reform Hatchery Technologies. 'Sweating' of eggs is the result of condensed water sitting on the egg shell surface.

Optimum Humidity for Ostrich Incubation
By Pas Reform. Ostriches are indigenous to Africa, although today it is not uncommon to find them being farmed commercially around the world for meat and leather production.

Creating the Ideal Hatching Climate
By Pas Reform. The transfer of eggs from setter trays to hatcher baskets is routine in the hatchery, while the embryo continues to develop.

The Benefits of Single-Stage Incubation to Food Safety
Typically, papers on single-stage incubation focus on the benefits of all-in-all-out incubator management from the points of hatchability (number of chicks) and uniformity (chick quality), according to PAS Reform. Much less is written about the positive...

Air Requirements During Incubation
Joseph M. Mauldin, Extension Poultry Scientist at the University of Georgia explains the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide and moisture in the egg during incubation in the Spetember 2003 issue of the University's Poultry Tips.

Parthenogenesis: Embryonic development in unfertilized eggs may impact normal fertilization and embryonic mortality
By C. D. McDaniel, PhD Professor, Poultry Science and published in MSU Poultry Dept. Spring Newsletter Vol. 1 Issue 1.

Nutrition of the Developing Embryo and Hatchling
By E. T. Moran, Jr. Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University. Published in Poultry Science, Volume 86, Issue 5, May 2007 edition.

The Incubation of Ratite Eggs
By Joan S. Jeffrey, Gregory P. Martin,Roy C. Fanguy, Texas A&M University System.

Small Flock Biosecurity
By Carlyle Bennett, Terry Whiting and Glen Duizer Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives. With the current concerns about diseases such as avian influenza, owners of small flocks can take simple precautions to help prevent an outbreak of disease...