Genetic Base to Disease Resistance Explored in Indonesian Native Chickens
INDONESIA - Researchers have identified two out of three genotypes in native tolaki chickens that are more resistant to Newcastle Disease and also perform better than a third group.
4 April 2014
3 minute read
By: Association of Mx Gene Genotype with Antiviral and Production Traits in Tolaki Chicken
Author Muhammad Amrullah Pagala, Muladno, Cece Sumantri and Sri Murtini
Source Int. J. Poult. Sci., 12 (12): 735-739, 2013
Tolaki chicken is a kind of Indonesian local chickens that show anti-viral responses. A research group including Muhammad Amrullah Pagala of Halu Oleo University explain that this ability is controlled by the presence of antiviral Mx (myxovirus resistance) gene. The Mx gene codes for a protein with anti-viral activity.
The objective of the study - together with scientists from Bogor Agricultural University and published in International Journal of Poultry Science - was to prove the tolaki chicken Mx gene genotype is associated with anti-viral and production traits. Resistance to Newcastle Disease (ND) was the focus of their research.
Mx/Hpy 81 gene was genotyped in 103 tolaki chickens with PCR-RFLP. A total of 30 chickens were challenged with ND gen VIIb virus (104 CLD50)/chicken. PCR was used to amplify genomic DNA for Mx gene (299 bp).
The amplimer was cut by Hpy 81 produce three genotypes: AA, AG and GG and two alleles: A allele (299 base pairs, bp) and G allele (200bp and 99bp).
Frequency of A allele (0.74) was higher than G allele (0.26).
Production traits in the challenge test group were not significantly different in AA, AG and GG genotypes. The daily weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were significantly different in AA, AG and GG genotypes of chickens control group.
The parameters of anti-viral traits showed that vitality of AA (50 per cent) and AG (50 per cent) of chickens were better than GG (10 per cent) in challenge group.
The vitality of AA (100 per cent) and AG (100 per cent) were better GG (33.33 per cent) in control group.
The researchers conclude their e study postulated that Mx gene genotype could be associated with production and antiviral traits in tolaki chicken. AA and AG genotype are more resistant and were more productive than the GG genotype.
Reference
Pagala M.A., Muladno, C. Sumantri and S. Murtini. 2013. Association of Mx gene genotype with antiviral and production traits in tolaki chicken. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 12(12):735-739.
Further Reading
You can view the full report by clicking here.
For more information on Newcastle Disease, click here.
